What are ground fault circuit interrupters (GFCIs)?

Ground fault circuit interrupters (GFCIs) are specifically designed to provide protection against ground faults, which occur when there is an unintended path between the source of current and the ground. This situation can create a serious shock hazard if a person comes into contact with the faulty circuit. GFCIs continuously monitor the current flowing through a circuit and will trip—cutting off the electrical supply—if they detect an imbalance in the current flowing in and out. This immediate response is crucial for preventing electrical shocks and potentially saving lives.

By effectively detecting ground faults and shutting down the power, GFCIs help ensure electrical safety, especially in areas where moisture is present, such as bathrooms, kitchens, and outdoor spaces. Their primary function is centered around personal safety rather than enhancing efficiency, increasing load capacity, or measuring currents, all of which are not the main objectives of GFCIs.