What is the main function of a circuit breaker?

The primary function of a circuit breaker is to automatically interrupt the flow of current during an overload condition or a short circuit. This protective device is designed to prevent damage to the electrical system and reduce the risk of fire by cutting off the electrical supply when it detects that the current exceeds a pre-determined level. This interruption helps ensure the safety of both the electrical equipment and the personnel working with or near the electrical system.

Circuit breakers operate based on either thermal or magnetic mechanisms that sense excess current. When an overload occurs, the circuit breaker reacts by opening the circuit, thereby stopping the flow of electricity and protecting downstream devices and wiring. This capability is essential for maintaining the integrity of electrical systems, making it critical for safe handling and usage of electricity in residential, commercial, and industrial applications.